低功耗有损网络中的能量均衡高效路由协议

摘要

In existing Routing Protocol for Low-power and Lossy Networks (RPL ) which selects the best parent according to expected lifetime of bottleneck node on the path,the joining nodes do not consider the traffic generated by the other sub-nodes of the same parent node or the change of bottleneck node after the node’s joining.Aiming at these problems,this paper presents an Energy-balanced and High-efficiency RPL(EBHE-RPL).Firstly,it uses a classifying sending mechanism for DAO-ACK messages to reduce the number of control packets sent by the parent node.Secondly, it uses a traffic accumulation mechanism to calculate the Expected Life Time(ELT)of bottleneck node on each path,so that the calculated life time is closer to the actual value.Finally,it uses a bottleneck re-estimating mechanism after node’ s joining to avoid the bottleneck’s change.EBHE-RPL can improve the accuracy for selecting the best parentand balance the energy of networks.Simulation results show that,compared with RPL and EB-RPL algorithms,the performance of EBHE-RPL is improved in the extension of network lifetime and the balance of network energy.%在根据路径瓶颈节点寿命选择最优父节点的低功耗有损网络路由协议（RPL）中，待加入节点未考虑其他节点产生的流量对父节点产生的影响，且在节点加入网络后会导致路径瓶颈节点发生变化。针对上述问题，提出一种基于能量均衡的 RPL高效路由算法（EBHE-RPL）。在节点加入网络之前，采用目的地通告确认消息分类发送机制减少父节点发送的控制包数量，并通过父节点流量累计机制使计算出的瓶颈节点寿命值与实际值更接近，从而使待加入节点能更准确地确定最优父节点。在节点加入网络后，采用路径瓶颈节点再预估机制，避免后续节点误选瓶颈节点的情况。仿真结果表明，与 RPL和 EB-RPL算法相比，EBHE-RPL在延长网络生存时间、均衡网络能量方面性能较好。