一种基于航电系统架构模型的故障树自动建模方法

摘要

航电系统作为安全关键系统,利用故障树对其进行安全性分析十分必要.然而,传统的故障树依靠手工构建,主要依赖于分析人员对系统的理解程度;同时由于安全性分析人员与系统设计人员对系统的理解不同而很难保证失效模式与系统架构的一致性.针对上述问题,提出了一种基于航电系统架构模型的故障树自动建模方法:通过向系统设计模型中添加相应的安全性属性,并嵌入高级形式化语言Al-taRica中的断言机制描述故障转移过程,由此形成安全性分析模型;基于此模型利用路径追溯的方法完成故障树自动建模.以某飞机驾驶舱显示系统为案例的研究结果表明,所提出的方法能基于航电系统架构模型有效进行故障树自动建模,从而确保了故障树分析结果的完整性.%It is very necessary to conduct safety analysis on the safety critical avionics system by fault tree.However,fault tree is traditionally modeled in a manual way,which mainly relies on how well the analyzers understand the system.Meanwhile,the consistency between failure modes and system architectures is hard to be guaranteed due to the differences in the understanding between the safety analyzers of the system and the system designers.Aiming at the above problems,we propose a fault tree automodeling method based on avionics system architecture model.The safety analysis model is constructed through adding safety properties to the system design model and embedding assertion mechanism of the advanced formal language AltaRica to describe the fault transition process.The fault tree auto-modeling is then conducted by tracing the data signal path of the model.The results of the case study on one cockpit display system indicate that the proposed method is able to conduct fault tree auto-modeling efficiently based on the avionics system architecture model,ensuring the completeness of the fault tree analysis results.