扩充转移网络在自然语言句法处理中的应用——以歧义句和花园幽径句对照分析为例

摘要

扩充转移网络具有直观定量的特点,其在句法处理中的应用可推动自然语言的程序化研究.歧义现象类似“多车道单向”通行,各车道的认知选择具有非回溯的优先性.花园幽径现象是“单车道”单向通行,前期默认式选择蕴涵后期反叛式决定,折返性跨越式解读使其具有心理实验的“啊哈”体验.两种现象的程序化句法研究证实了歧义现象和花园幽径现象具有区别性特征这一论断.%Augmented Transition Networks(ATNs) are quantitatively understandable. The application of ATNs in syntactical processing can improve the study of program-based natural language. The movement of ambiguous phenomenon can be explained by analogy with the traffic movement in which vehicles move in the same direction without changing lanes even though fast and slow lanes (I.e. The feature of non-backtracking preference in cognition) are involved. The movement of garden path phenomenon is the compulsory one-way lane in which only the slow one (I.e. The working non-prototype in cognition) can be chosen. The former choice works by default while the correct option runs in revolt over the former one. The AHA experience of the subjects in psychological experiments can be achieved when the successful decoding with the half-returned feature has been completed by leaps and bounds. The program-based syntactic processing of the two phenomena reflects the fact that they have distinctive features.