面向车载网的基于接收率的节点选择的多跳路由协议

摘要

Vehicular ad hoc networks ( VANETs) are a large complex networks with the characteristics of high speed nodes moving and frequent topology changes.Multi-hop routing is widely used in VANETs, it selects the forwarding node of next hop by broadcasting the requests message ( REQ) .However the incessant REQ broadcast reduces channel' s availability and increases network congestion.Therefore, we propose the RBNS ( reception rate-based node selection) routing protocol.The RBNS does not need to broadcast REQ messages when deciding the route, the source node selects the forwarding node of the next hop only requiring to go through the reception rate messages of every node.Meanwhile, REQ just spreads towards the direction of node close to the destination node and only transmits once within the communication range of one-hop of the node, so that the routing hop counts and the numbers of REQ are all reduced.Simulation results show that RBNS protocol gains effective improvement in terms of throughput, packet drop rate, and packet collision rate.%VANETs车载网是一种大型的复杂网络,具有节点高速移动、拓扑频繁变化等特性. 多跳路由被广泛应用于VANETs,其通过广播请示消息REQ( Request)选取下一跳转发节点. 然而,不断广播REQ降低了信道的可用性,增加了网络拥堵率. 为此,提出基于RBNS( reception rate based node selection )路由方案. 该RBNS在决策路由时无需广播REQ消息,源节点只需通过每个节点的reception rate信息,选择下一跳转发节点. 同时,REQ仅向离目的节点近的节点方向传播,在节点的一跳通信范围仅传输一次,从而减少了路由跳数和REQ消息数量. 仿真结果表明,RBNS在吞吐量、数据包丢失率和数据包碰撞率方面均得到有效的提升.