基于差分算法的无线传感器网络路由分簇协议

摘要

针对异构无线传感器网络分簇路由协议存在节点能耗不均衡问题,提出一种基于差分进化算法的路由协议及基于节点能耗的分簇协议.该协议首先以最大化网络中簇头节点的最小生存周期为目标,建立函数优化模型,并采用差分进化算法对其进行优化,从而延长网络整体的生存周期;然后根据节点通信列表中的簇头数目进行分簇,将节点分配给能耗因子较低的簇头,以达到均衡网络能耗的目的,延长普通节点的生存周期.仿真结果表明,基于差分的路由分簇协议能有效均衡网络中节点的能量消耗,显著延长网络的生存周期并提高网络能量利用率.%Aiming at the problem of node energy consumption imbalance in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, a routing protocol based on differential evolution algorithm and a clustering protocol based on node energy consumption are proposed.The protocol first aims at maximizing the minimum lifetime of cluster head nodes in the network to establish the function optimization model, and uses differential evolution algorithm to optimizeit to extend the whole life cycle of the network.Then, the nodes are clustered according to the number of cluster heads in the node communication list, and the nodes are allocated to the cluster head with lower energy consumption, so as to balance the energy consumption of the network and extend the life cycle of the common nodes.The simulation results show that the difference-based routing clustering protocol can effectively balance the energy consumption of nodes in the network, extend the life cycle of the network and improve the network energy efficiency.