基于复杂网络的城市轨道交通网络中心性研究

摘要

城市轨道交通车站在网络中承担着乘客集散和连通区间的重要作用,如何有效评估其在客流网络中的影响力是研究网络结构优化和降低运营风险的重点.基于复杂网络理论,以车站为研究对象,通过建立网络客流分配模型,结合轨道交通智能卡数据提出城市轨道交通网络车站客流的集聚程度指标和3个客流中心性指标.将研究方法应用于北京市地铁网络,识别出了北京地铁的重点车站并且系统性分析了北京地铁早高峰客流现状,为地铁网络运营提出意见.%The urban rail transit station is an important place where the passengers gather and distribute.It plays an essential role in connecting sections in a subway network.How to effectively evaluate the influence of the stations on the network is a key point to study the network structure optimization and the operation risk reduction.Based on complex network theory, this paper established a passenger flow assignment model for the urban rail transit network.Utilizing the passenger flow data from smart cards, a concentration index of passenger flow in station and three centrality indexes of network were proposed to identify the critical stations in the network.Finally, by applying this method to the Beijing subway network, we verified its validity and it can recognize the key stations successfully.Further, we systematically analyzed the current situation of the passenger flow during rush hours of Beijing subway, and put forward some suggestions for the subway network operation.