出租车数量管制、经营模式与专车规制

摘要

The censure of tailored taxi results from the fact that taxi is under government control while tailored taxi is not. This paper analyzes the reform of taxi and development of tailored taxi from the perspective of the quantity control of taxi. Through the analysis with a principal-agent model which includes quantity control, supervision cost and supervision levels, we find that the supervision technology, the supervision cost and the quantity of the taxi all have an impact on the taxi business model. It is suggested that the government should increase the opportunity cost of drivers’ speculative behavior and raise threshold to supervise tailored taxi.%专车受到非议的原因，主要是因为出租车需要接受政府监管而专车不用。本文从出租车数量管制入手，通过构建包含管制数量、监管成本、代理层级的委托代理模型对出租车行业改革和专车发展进行分析，认为监管技术、监管成本、出租车数量都会影响出租车经营模式，政府对专车行业应当从提高专车司机投机成本和提高行业进入门槛两方面来进行规制。