基于煤油和仲辛醇的微乳液配制及应用

摘要

In order to solve a high consumption,poor dispersion and other problems of the hydrocarbon oil as the collector of the coal slime floatation,the kerosene,2-octanol,water and surfactant were applied to successfully prepare a homogeneous and transparent microemulsion with a certain percentage combined under the normal temperature and a mechanical mixing.With the drawing of the pseudo-ternary phase diagram,a best effect of the microemulsion was obtained when the ratio of the surfactant and 2-octanol was 1.5 m.The microemulsion and kerosene were applied to the floatation tests on two coal slime.The test results showed that as for Tunlan coal,the optimum floatation perfect index of the microemulsion would be 2.90％ higher than the kerosene and total consumption of the microemulsion would be 25％ lower than the kerosene.As for the steam coal from Majialiang Mine,the microemulsion could have a high recovery rate of the flammable liquid and the kerosene could not have.When a same recovery rate of the flammable liquid reached,the total consumption of the microemulsion would be less 50％ lower than the kerosene.Due to 2-octanol existed,the adding operation of the foaming agent could be omitted.%为解决烃类油作为煤泥浮选捕收剂耗量大、分散性差等问题,采用煤油、仲辛醇、水和表面活性剂在常温下以一定比例混合,通过机械搅拌,成功制备出均一透明的微乳液.通过绘制拟三元相图得到当表面活性剂与仲辛醇的比值为1.5时,微乳液的效果最佳.分别用此微乳液和煤油对2种煤泥进行浮选试验,试验结果表明:对于屯兰煤,微乳液的最佳浮选完善指标比煤油高2.9％,且整个微乳液的用量比煤油低25％.对属于动力煤的麻家梁煤,微乳液可获得高的可燃体回收率,而煤油不能.在达到相同的可燃体回收率时整个微乳液的用量比煤油至少低50％.因为仲辛醇的存在,省去了添加起泡剂的环节.