针对西部矿区某矿房式采空区下工作面综采发生的异常矿压问题,利用现场实测和理论分析并基于异常矿压特征,通过分析残留煤柱上方支承压力分布规律、残留煤柱稳定性,对其发生机理及相应对策进行了研究.结果表明:工作面顶板初次破断前、初次破断时残留煤柱所受支承压力较大时,将发生残留煤柱连锁失稳现象;若顶板初次破断时残留煤柱保持稳定但当残留煤柱受到采场上方及采场后方2个跨度内覆岩形成的叠加支承压力较大时,也将发生残留煤柱连锁失稳现象;煤柱失稳后煤柱顶板对层间岩层产生动载作用,残留煤柱连锁失稳发生在未来压期间、层间仅0~1层关键层时,将诱发本文所述异常矿压;残留煤柱连锁失稳发生在来压期间时,可能诱发压架灾害.基于上述研究提出了爆破煤柱、充填采空区、适当减慢推进速度等措施.%To abnormal pressures problem during fully mechanized working face mining under room and pillar goaf of one coal mine in the western mining area,based on abnormal pressures characters and practical test and theory analysis, then abutment pressure distribution law of residual coal pillar upper and coal pillar stability were analyzed,it's occurrence mechanism and countermeasures were studied.The results showed that residual coal pillar would failure as abutment pressure was larger,when the first breakdown appearedin the roof,residual coal pillar maintaining stability during the first breakdown,but the superposition abutment pressure that formed upper of the working face and overburden within two spans backward of working face was larger,then residual coal pillar would failure,dynamic loading would appeared in interlayers of rock stratum,which formed by coal pillar roof after coal pillar failure,residual coal pillar chain failure appeared in non pressures period,the number key stratum was only 0~1 between inter layers,then abnormal pressure would appeared,pressurizing of hydraulic support disaster would appeared as residual coal pillar chain failure appeared during pressuring period,the following countermeasures as coal pillar blasting,goaf filling and decrease advancing speed were put forward.
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