为解决极近距离煤层群回采巷道顶板及两帮破坏变形量大和顶板安全问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测等方法,分析了高家庄矿中厚煤层工作面回采巷道围岩破坏特征,研究了顶板岩层破坏机制,并对顶板支护参数进行了优化.结果表明,软厚“夹层”的巷帮煤层、厚度范围变化大的基本顶岩层二者处于非平衡状态,使得锚杆(索)支护结构不能适应厚度变化较大的顶板岩层,是造成支护不协调的主要因素.为此采取了增加巷帮锚杆数量、随掘钻测基本顶厚度配合三种不等长锚索支护的支护优化方案.实践表明,巷道顶板岩层大变形破坏得到较好控制,巷帮弱“夹层”大变形降低,降低了巷道维护投入,达到了预期目标.%In order to reduce the deformation of roadsides and roof of coal-rock roadway before mining and reduce maintenance engineering,the surrounding strata failure mechanism of roadway under the condition of unequal thickness compound roof and soft thick interlayer in ultra-close distance coal seam group in Liliu mining area of Gaojiazhuang Mine,theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field measurement were carried out.The results show that the soft thick interlayer of coal seam and the unequal thickness compound roof is the main cause of large scale destruction of surrounding strata.And the strata structure in an unbalanced state of pressure is the nature of the reasons causing widespread damage to the surrounding strata roadway.Based on the above results,the unequal thickness compound roof cable active supporting technology is proposed,part of the soft thick interlayer of coal seam supporting and reinforcing supporting parameters are optimized.The engineering application shows that the roof had been effectively controlled,and the largest deformation of the roadsides of the soft thick interlayer could also be slowed down,the roadway deformation and maintenance inputs are controlled.
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