The paper briefly described technical characteristics and theoretical basis of pre-drainage,pressure relief drainage and drainage in gob.The key technologies of various extraction methods are introduced: the key technologies of pre-drainage extraction are horizontal drilling,fracturing and intelligent high-efficient production technology;the optimization of wellbore and well structure and the casing protection technology,the evaluation of coal-bed methane resources in gob and the optimization of wellbore and the safety monitoring are key technologies of pressure relief drainage and drainage in gob respectively.Finally the main problems and key research directions of surface drilling extraction were pointed out,including the establishment of fine geological guidance model,fracture mechanism and fracture extension mechanism in soft coal seam,real time monitoring of fracturing fracture,field observation technology in underground coal mine,safety evaluation and resource evaluation of drainage in gob.%简述了采前预抽、采中抽采和采空区抽采方式的技术特点及其理论基础.介绍了各种抽采方式的关键技术:采前预抽的关键技术主要有水平井钻进与压裂和智能高效排采技术;而采动井布井与井身结构优化及套管防护技术和采空区资源评估、井位优化及安全监测技术分别为采中抽采和采空区抽采的关键技术.最后指出精细地质导向模型的建立、软弱煤层压裂破裂与裂缝延展机理、压裂裂缝实时监测与煤矿井下现场观测技术以及采空区抽采的安全评价及资源评估等仍是地面钻井抽采所面临的主要问题和重点研究方向.
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