目前CO的模式模拟结果与实际观测存在着很大的差别，需要结合观测资料的分析研究来验证和改善模式能力。而南亚地区源汇的复杂性和站点观测资料的严重不足，使得对该地区CO分布与变化特征的认识更为有限。本文尝试使用2000～2011年MOPITT卫星资料，分析该地区CO的气候态空间分布特征，并结合再分析风场和卫星出射长波辐射资料，对大气运动影响CO分布进行探讨。主要结论是：1）南亚对流层中上层四季都存在CO高浓度带，其位置随着季节有南北变化，其中夏季高值带范围最小，但极值最大。2）在南亚季风区东侧，夏季对流层CO垂直廓线呈连续的高值分布，而在西侧对流层中上层出现孤立的高值分布，验证了东风急流的水平输送效果。3）CO浓度的季节变化在南北（27.5°N/12.5°S）纬度基本反相，并且在12年内500 hPa高度上呈减少趋势，而在300 hPa高度上有增加趋势。4）南亚中上对流层CO浓度值的分布和赤道附近垂直风场之间存在较好的相关性，对于该区域CO的来源问题提供了一个新的研究方向。%Significant differences exist between simulated and observed carbon monoxide(CO). It is therefore necessary to combine more observations to validate and improve the ability of model simulations. The complexity of the source–sink characteristics and the paucity of observation data from sites in South Asia mean there is a lack of understanding regarding the distribution and variation of CO in this region. In an attempt to address this knowledge gap, the present study uses 12 years (2000–2011) of MOPITT-retrieved CO data to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of CO in South Asia (MOPITT: Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere). The influence of atmospheric movements on the CO distribution is analyzed through combination with ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis wind data and NOAA outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data. The main conclusions are:1) There is a high CO concentration belt in the upper troposphere throughout the year, but its location changes latitudinally in four seasons; in particular, the belt area is the smallest but the concentration is the highest in summer. 2) The tropospheric CO profile shows a consecutive (isolated) high concentration distribution pattern in the east (west) of the South Asian monsoon area, which validates the effect on CO of horizontal transport by the easterly jet. 3) The CO concentration variation trends in the south and north latitudes generally are opposite, showing a decreasing (increasing) trend at 500 (300) hPa. 4) The concentration distribution of CO in the upper troposphere over South Asia is highly correlated with the vertical velocity near the equator, which provides a new view for studying CO source issues.
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