目的：探索四川和山东两省留守儿童的生存质量现状及可能的影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的方式，在山东和四川两省分别取3所农村小学，采用问卷调查的形式对全部在校学生进行调查研究。结果本研究有效研究对象1804名，其中留守儿童778名，留守儿童和非留守儿童在生存质量各方面和总分差异均有统计学意义（ P＜0．05），经多因素分析发现留守儿童生存质量的影响因素为年龄、监护人类型、留守时间、父母关爱程度和学习成绩。结论留守儿童的生存质量不高，在今后的留守儿童教育和身心发展的管理工作中，应特别注重高年龄、留守时间长、学习成绩差者，加强监护人和父母对孩子的关爱程度，注重与孩子的交流，从而提高其生存质量。%Objective To explore the quality of life and its related factors among left‐behind children in Shandong and Si‐chuan provinces .Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select the study participants and thus each 3 rural primary schools were randomly chosen as the study sites in Shandong and Sichuan provinces .t‐test ,χ2 test and rank sum test were employed to perform univariate analysis ,and multivariate analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression .Results In this study ,there were totally 1804 participants with 778 left‐behind ones .There was statistical difference between left‐behind children and average children in each aspects of quality of life and the total score(P<0 .05) .Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the multiple influencing factors of the quality of life among left‐behind children in Shandong and Sichuan provinces were age ,the guardian、left‐behind time、parents′care and study result .Conclusion The quality of life among left‐behind children in Shandong and Sichuan provinces was not high and was affected by many factors .In order to improve the quality of life of left‐behind children ,the guardians should pay more attention to care and communicate with their children in the future education and management of left‐behind chil‐dren ,especially the elder ,long time left behind or poor grades ones .
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