选用孜然(Cuminum cyminum L.)为研究对象,分别对孜然进行整粒、粉碎、冷冻破碎、酶处理、溶剂均质5种预处理,采用水蒸气蒸馏法分别从5种预处理的孜然样品中提取精油,并通过气相色谱-质谱联用分析方法对5份精油的成分组成进行分析比较.研究结果表明,不同预处理方式对孜然成分及提取率有较大影响,孜然整粒精油中枯茗醛为主要成分,4种预处理方式虽然会提高孜然精油提取得率,但枯茗醛在精油中的占比会显著降低.%In this research, effect of different pretreatment to the essential oil yield and component of Cuminum cyminum was carried out. Different pretreatments such as smash, frozen smash, enzymolysis and homogenization were used. The essential oil was extracted from cumin by steam distillation and the components were analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC - MS). As a result, essential oil yield was obviously improved according to pretreatment. Especially, yield of the material pretreated by frozen smash improved 65. 3％. The components of essential oil samples pretreated by different methods were more complex than before. Surprisingly, the content of the major component cuminaldehyde were reduced in all pretreated samples.
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