枸溶性硅肥对烤烟生理指标和烟叶品质的影响

摘要

To explore the effect of citrate-soluble silicon fertilizer on physiological indexes and quality of flue-cured tobacco, a field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different gradient of a citric acid-soluble silicon fertilizer on antioxidant enzymes, pigments, and conventional chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that: (1) The silicon fertilizer significantly promoted SOD and POD activities and reduced MDA content in flue-cured tobacco. (2) The silicon fertilizer had an effect of first decreasing then increasing of chlorophyll content. Chlorophyll content gradually increased 45 days and reached the maximum value on the 60th day after transplanting. The treatment applying the silicon fertilizer of 50 kg/667m2 significantly increased chlorophyll content and carotenoid content, which could be the physiological basis of improving the quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco. (3) The silicon fertilizer increased the content of total sugar, reducing sugar and potassium and decreased the content of total nitrogen, protein and chlorine in flue-cured tobacco, all in favor of improving the quality of flue-cured tobacco. In conclusion, the comprehensive effect of the treatment applying the silicon fertilizer of 50 kg/667m2 was better.%为探究施用枸溶性硅肥对烤烟生理指标和烟叶品质的影响，采用田间试验研究了不同梯度枸溶性硅肥对烤烟抗氧化酶、质体色素、常规化学成分影响。结果表明：（1）施用硅肥对提高烤烟叶片SOD、POD活性和降低MDA含量具有显著影响；（2）施用硅肥对烤烟叶片叶绿素含量存在先降低后升高的趋势，移栽后45 d逐渐提高，移栽后60 d达到最大值，以50 kg/667 m2提高叶绿素含量的作用最为显著；施用硅肥还提高了叶片类胡萝卜素含量，在不同生育时期均与对照存在差异；（3）施用硅肥使烤后原烟总糖、还原糖、钾含量提高，总氮、蛋白质、氯含量下降，改善了烟叶品质。综合来看，以施用量50 kg/667 m2处理的综合效果较好。