为了明确文山市不同生态区土壤养分空间异质性及适宜性，给烤烟种植区划及养分调控提供参考依据，采用描述性统计分析、聚类分析、主成分分析和模糊数学隶属函数方法对2011—2015年文山市4个生态区1100份土壤样品进行了分析。结果表明，文山市不同生态区土壤pH，有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量具有明显的时间异质性，速效氮和速效钾含量偏低，有机质和速效磷含量相对丰富。pH中强度变异，有机质、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量强变异，具有较强的空间异质性，可聚为3类。平均土壤适宜性指数（SFI为0.50）偏低。结果说明，文山市4个生态区植烟土壤主要养分均质性和适宜性较低，整体以西南陡坡区土壤适宜性相对较好。%To study the temporal and spatial heterogeneity, suitability of soil nutrients in distinct ecological regions of Wenshan city and to provide references for tobacco planting plan and nutrient control, 1100 soil samples collected from indifferent ecological regions of Wenshan city in 2011-2015 were analyzed by classic statistics, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, fuzzy mathematics methods. The results showed that in different ecological regions of Wenshan city, soil pH value, contents of organic matter, available N, available P and available K had obvious temporal heterogeneity. The available N, available K contents were low, while the organic matter and available P content were relatively rich. The variation intensity of soil pH was moderate, contents of organic matter, available N, available P and available K showed strong variation. Obvious spatial heterogeneity was observed, and the regions could be grouped into three categories. The average of soil feasibility index (SFI) 0.50 was low. These results suggested that the homogeneity and suitability of different ecological regions of Wenshan city are relatively low, with the suitability of the southwest steep slope region being relatively good.
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