紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的生物控制作用

摘要

The biological control effects of ethanol extracts of Perilla frutescens on Myzus Persicaewere investigated by chemical analysis and bioassay methods. The results showed that the effects of ethanol extracts of P. frutescens on M. Persicae were significant across the experimental conditions. The indoor experiments showed that the relative bioactivities against M. Persicae of the extracts were stronger at the concentrations of 9 g and 7 g DW/100 mL. The antifeeding rates that caused by the use of the two extracts with the highest bioactivities were 64.64% to 79.34% for the 9 g DW/100 mL extract and 51.24% to 61.24% for the 7 g DW/100 mL extract. The deterrent rates were over 58.43%. The corresponding mortalities caused by these extracts were over 83.83%. In the field experiments, the interference effects of ethanol extracts of P. frutescens on M. Persicae were obvious. The antifeeding rates of the 9 g DW/mL and 7 g DW/100 mL extracts were 53.45% and 65.56% respectively. The population control interference index values of these two extracts were 0.468 and 0.367. These results indicate that the ethanol extracts of P. frutescens have great biological control effects on M. Persicae and that P. frutescens could be used as a latent material in developing an effective agent for protecting tobacco.%利用化学分析法和生测技术测定紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的生物控制作用.结果显示,紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的生物活性较明显.在室内试验中,浓度为9、7 g DW/100 mL的紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的拒食、忌避和毒杀活性较好,且持续效果也相对较好.对烟蚜的拒食活性分别维持在64.64%~79.34%和51.24%~61.24%,忌避率均达58.43%以上,而死亡率均在83.83%以上.室外大田试验中,紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜种群的干扰效果明显,7和9 g DW/100 mL浓度的紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的大田拒食率分别为53.45%和65.56%,其干扰作用控制指数分别为0.367和0.468.研究结果表明,紫苏乙醇粗提取物对烟蚜的生物控制作用较好,可作为研制烟草保护剂的原料.