目的:构建具有颅骨分层解剖结构与电阻率分布的人头部容积导体物理模型,为脑电阻抗成像研究提供准确的物理模型实验平台.方法:首先,利用双喷头3D打印技术,构建具有3层结构(各层具有特定的电阻率)的颅骨模型,并验证颅骨模型电阻率的准确性;其次,采用3D打印技术构建具有特定电阻率的脑实质模型,采用NaCl溶液模拟脑脊液与头皮;最后,将总共4层的人头部物理模型组合,并开展电阻抗成像实验.结果:所构建的分层颅骨模型不仅结构上与真实人颅骨一致,其电阻率与真实人颅骨也无显著性差异,呈非均匀分布;电阻抗成像实验表明,所构建的物理模型实验平台能够正确表征电阻率扰动变化.结论:该物理模型不仅具有真实的颅骨分层结构与电阻率分布,而且包含了多层组织结构,较好地反映了人头部的电阻率特性,适合作为脑电阻抗成像技术的物理实验平台.%Objective To establish a human-head phantom with realistic skull anatomy and resistivity distribution in order to provide an accurate experimental platform for brain electrical impedance tomography(EIT).Methods Firstly a skull model with 3-layer structure was constructed with double-nozzle 3D printer,and every layer had its specific resistivity verified on the accuracy. Then brain parenchyma with its resistivity was modelled using 3D printer and cerebrospinal fluid and scalp were mimicked using NaCl solution;after the whole phantom was assembled,imaging test using EIT was performed.Results The skull model was similar to the realistic one in terms of anatomy and resistivity distribution;the EIT experiment on the new phantom showed similar results to simulation.Conclusion The proposed phantom has realistic skull anatomy,resistivity distribution and multi-layer anatomical structure, which reflects the features of skull resistivity and thus is suitable for experiments on brain EIT.
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