2005至2013年昌吉州围产儿出生缺陷监测分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the monitoring results of perinatal birth defects and explore interventions, so as to reduce the incidence of birth defects. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on the birth defects monitoring data of 99 150 cases from 2005 to 2013 in Changji region to analyze the incidence of birth defects in different year. Results During 2005-2013, the total incidence of perinatal birth defects was 73. 92/10 000, and it reached peak in 2010. Rising trend was found in 2005-2010, while decline trend was found in 2011 to 2013. The top five birth defects diseases accounted for 67. 37% of all defect types, and they were total cleft lip, more finger (toe), neural tube defects, congenital heart disease and equinus varus in turn. The incidence of birth defects was significantly different regarding nation, urban and rural area, gender, and maternal age (χ2 value was 37. 61, 61. 33, 51. 37 and 59. 46, respectively, all P<0. 05). Conclusion In ChangJi region the incidence of perinatal birth defects is relatively high from 2005 to 2013, which indicates that it is necessary to define the emphasis of prevention and conduct studies on etiology and population distribution of birth defects with high incidence so as to provide evidence for reducing birth defects.%目的：分析围产儿出生缺陷的监测结果,探讨出生缺陷干预措施,降低出生缺陷发生率。方法回顾性分析2005至2013年昌吉州辖区内13家医院99150例围产儿的出生缺陷监测资料,分析不同年份及不同出生缺陷发生的情况。结果2005至2013年昌吉州围产儿出生缺陷总发生率为73.92/万,2010年呈现高峰,2005至2010年成上升趋势,2011至2013年逐年下降。前五位出生缺陷病种占全部缺陷类型的67.37%,依次为总唇裂、多指(趾)、神经管缺陷、先天性心脏病、马蹄足内翻。出生缺陷的发生在民族、城乡、男女性别、孕妇年龄间均存在统计学差异(χ2值分别为37.61、61.33、51.37、59.46,均 P <0.05)。结论2005至2013年昌吉州围产儿出生缺陷发生率处较高水平,提示应针对危险因素确定干预工作重点,对高发的出生缺陷进行必要的病因学和人群分布等方面研究,为降低出生缺陷发生率提供依据。