In this study, novel and conserved miRNAs were filtered and identificated by Solexa sequencing during in vitro flowering of amaranthus, and a further target function analysis based on the GO database and the KKGG pathway database were made. The results showed that: there were 5 457 486 unique sequences, and 27 596(0.51 %)of the unique sequences were distributed across different chromosomes of Arabidopsis thalwna. The length of sRNAs was mainly distributed ranging from 18 nt to 25 nt, and 24 nt being the predominant. The expression patterns of different unique sRNAs varied drastically, and most of them were at the low levels; 235 conserved miRNAs had been identified, which consisted of 20 families. The number of the members varied drastically among different families. The length of most conserved miRNAs was 21 nt and 20 nt. Moreover, 14 novel miRNAs were predicted, 8 of them with single locus and the rest with multiple loci. About 46 targets of 11 novel miRNAs were also predicted. These targets provided insights into miRNA biogenesis and expression during plant development, and played an important role in biological process, cell component, and molecular function during in vitro flowering of Amaranthus.%利用Solexa测序技术对苋菜试管开花过程中的miRNAs进行筛选和鉴定,使用GO数据库和KEGG代谢途径数据库对靶基因进行功能注释和分类.结果显示:共得到sRNA Unique序列5 457 486条,其中与拟南芥基因组完全匹配有27 596条,仅仅占0.51％;miRNA主要分布在18 nt～25 nt之间,其中长度为24 nt序列数量最多;苋菜试管开花过程中miRNA的表达丰度存在明显差异,主要低丰度表达;总共鉴定了235个已知的苋菜miRNA,构成20个家族,不同家族间成员数量存在巨大差异;苋菜保守miRNA的长度主要集中在21 nt和20 nt;另外总共获得14个候选的新miRNA,其中有8个miRNA含单个基因座,另6个miRNA具备多个基因座;11个候选的miRNA预测到了靶基因,总共对应着约46个基因符合靶标特征.这些靶标参与植物生物体的各个发育进程,在苋菜试管开花过程中对生物过程、细胞组分及分子功能起到重要作用.
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