脑卒中后抑郁的发生率及其相关因素

摘要

AIM:To investigate the relationship of post-stroke depression (PSD) and its incidence to the lesion location,cognitive function,daily activities and neurological deficit,and to explore the occurrence of early PSD and its risk factors. METHODS:To evaluate the severity of depression and the cognitive function,a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 70 patients with cerebral infarction,and according to the clinical examination results,activities of daily living(ADL) and degree of neurological deficit were assessed.The incidence of PSD was also calculated. RESULTS:In the 70 patients,22(31% ) were identified to have early-stage PSD.The incidence of PSD was 47% (7/15) in patients with cognitive dysfunction and 37% (18/49) in those with ADL dependence,significantly higher than the incidence of 27% in patients without cognitive dysfunction and that of 19% in those with total ADL independence(χ 2=3.933 8, P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:Depression is frequent in the early stage after stroke, and it is markedly related with the cognitive function, ADL and degree of neurological deficits.%目的:探讨脑卒中患者抑郁的发生率,抑郁与病灶部位、认知功能、日常生活能力、神经功能缺损程度之间的相关性及脑卒中后早期抑郁的发病情况、危险因素. 方法:运用问卷调查的方法评估 70例脑梗死患者抑郁状态及认知功能状态,并根据临床体检结果判定日常生活活动( ADL)能力及神经功能缺损程度,分组统计抑郁发生率. 结果:脑卒中后早期抑郁的发病率为 31%( 22/70);有认知功能障碍的患者发生抑郁的比例 [47%( 7/15) ]明显高于非认知功能障碍的患者 [27%( 15/55) ]; ADL能力差的患者发生抑郁的比例 [37%( 18/49) ]明显高于 ADL独立的患者 [19%( 4/21) ](χ 2=3.933 8,P< 0.05). 结论:脑卒中后早期即存在较普遍的抑郁情绪,抑郁与认知功能、日常生活能力及神经功能缺损程度之间存在显著相关性.