目的:探索经过长期专项练习的舞蹈运动员大脑感知运动系统的功能特征.方法:采用专家-新手研究范式,选取具有6年以上专业舞蹈练习经历的23名舞者作为舞蹈组,未经过任何舞蹈练习的21名大学生作为对照组.采集被试的静息态功能磁共振数据,比较两组被试的局部一致性(ReHo)、比率低频振幅(fALFF)和功能连接(FC).结果:1)舞蹈组双侧中央后回、左侧颞上回、右侧中央前回、右侧枕中回ReHo值显著高于对照组;2)舞蹈组双侧中央前回fALFF值显著高于对照组;3)舞蹈组右侧中央前回与左侧中央前回的连接强度及右侧中央前回与双侧中央后回的FC值均显著高于对照组.结论:舞者感知运动系统功能改变可能与长期舞蹈练习相关,这可能会导致个体的感知、记忆加工及动作学习与控制能力发生改变,建立对复杂动作良好的观察、执行和调整的加工模式,这一结果为舞蹈练习促进大脑可塑性提供了证据支持.%Objective To explore the functional improvement of dancers' sensorimotor system after years of dance training.Methods Twenty-three dancers(the dance group) of more than 6 years of dancing experience and twenty-one college students (the control group) without any dance experience were recruited in this study.Then the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(RS-fMRI) was conducted for both groups and the data were collected.Regional homogeneity (ReHo),fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to the control group,significant increase was observed in the ReHo of the bilateral postcentral gyruses,the left superior temporal gyrus,the right precentral gyrus and the middle occipital gyrus and fALFF in the bilateral precentral gyruses of the dance group.Moreover,the connection between the right precentral gyrus and left precentral gyrus and the FC between the right precentral gyrus and bilateral postcentral gyrus enhanced significantly in the dance group compared to the control group.Conclusions The functional modulation of dancers' sensorimotor system may be associated with the long-term dancing experience,which may lead to the changes in action perception,memory processing,motor learning and movement control to enhance the formation of the mode to observe,implement and adjust complex actions.Our study has provided a supporting evidence for dancing-induced brain plasticity.
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