流浪儿童与普通儿童个性特征差异的调查分析

摘要

Objectives To learn about differences in personality between street children and normal children.Meth-ods Street children treated at a hospital were included in the study,while normal children receiving vaccination at commu-nity health service station at the same period were taken as the control group.Dimensions of personality characteristics (Extraversion,Psychoticism,Neuroticism,Lie and so on)were assessed for children from 2 groups by Eysenck Personali-ty Questionnaire (EPQ).Meanwhile,street children were stratified into smaller groups according to time on street (>1 year as the long time group,≤1 year as the short time group)and each dimensions of EPQ was compared.Results Gener-ally,street children tended to be introversive,unable to adopt (boy t=3.42,P <0.01;girl t=2.78;P <0.05),lie more (boy t=2.87,girl t=2.35;P <0.05),more neurotic(boy t=2.74,girl t=2.34;P <0.05)and more psychotic(boy t=2.37,girl t=2.77;P <0.05).Long time group's personality in each dimension tends to be more abnormal than short time group E(t=2.87,P <0.01);P(t=2.36;P <0.05);N(t=2.39;P <0.05);L(t=2.13;P <0.05).Conclusions There are obvious differences between street and normal children in personality.Street children's personality deviated from the normal and children who have been on street longer even worse.%目的：了解长期流浪儿童与普通儿童个性特征的差异情况。方法选择某医院收治的流浪儿童作为研究组,选择同期在社区卫生服务站进行预防接种的健康儿童作为对照组,入组时使用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对两组儿童内外向(E)、精神质(P)、神经质(N)、掩饰性(L)等各项性格特征进行评估对比；同时按不同流浪时间(1年以内短期组、1年以上长期组)对流浪儿童分组,并对比两组 EPQ 各项因子得分。结果流浪儿童性格普遍偏向孤僻、难适应外界环境 E(男 t=3.42,P <0.01；女 t=2.78；P <0.05),有明显掩饰倾向 L(男 t=2.87,女 t=2.35；P <0.05),高度情绪不稳定性 N(男 t =2.74,女 t =2.34；P <0.05)及不良的精神质特征 P(男 t =2.37,女 t =2.77；P <0.05)。长期流浪组各项个性特征异常程度较短期组更严重 E(t =2.87,P <0.01)；P(t =2.36；P <0.05)；N(t =2.39；P <0.05)；L(t=2.13；P <0.05)。结论流浪儿童与普通儿童个性特征存在明显差别,流浪儿童个性特征明显偏离正常,长期流浪者更严重。