不同强度有氧训练对轻中度慢性阻塞性肺疾病的作用

摘要

Objective: To compare the effects of high-intensity and low-intensity aerobic exercises on pulmonary ventilation function and exercise endurance of patients with mild to moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Method: Sixty patients with COPD were divided into high-intensity (with 70% peak power) aerobic exercise group (n=20) , low-intensity (with 50% peak power) aerobic exercise group (n=20) and control group (n=20). All patients administered cardiopulmonary exercise test(CPET) before and after training period, aerobic exercise duration was 8 weeks, 3 times every week. High intensity group did exercise for 40min per time with 4 sections,and each section lasted 5min with 5min interval,while low-intensity group administered 20min continuously exercise every time.Result:There was no significant difference(P>0.05) in all variables in three groups before training. After training, compared with before training the differences of exercise endurance duration, peak power and peak VO2 among three groups were significantly different (P<0.05), and high-intensity group improved more than that of other groups; there was no significant difference between control group and lower-intensity group in peak ventilation (VE) (P>0.05),but significant difference between high-intensity group and other groups(P<0.05). Anaerobic threshold (AT) of high-intensity group increased more than that of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comparing with lower-intensity aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval aerobic exercise can significant-ly improve the pulmonary ventilation function and exercise endurance in patients with mild to moderate COPD.%目的:比较不同强度有氧训练对轻中度稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者肺的通气功能和运动耐力的影响.方法:将60例轻中度稳定期COPD患者随机分为高强度(峰值功率的70％)有氧训练组20例、低强度(峰值功率的50％)有氧训练组20例、对照组20例,所有患者训练前后均进行心肺运动试验(CPET)评估,高强度与低强度有氧训练组均进行8周训练,每周3次,高强度训练组每次训练4组,每组以5min训练、5min休息的间歇训练模式进行,共40min.低强度训练组每次持续训练20min.结果:训练前3组间的测试持续时间、峰值功率、峰值通气量、峰值摄氧量及无氧阈均无差异(P＞0.05).训练后各指标差值(训练后－训练前)比较,3组间测试持续时间、峰值功率、峰值摄氧量的差值(训练后—训练前)两两比较均有差异(P＜0.05),高强度组明显增加；对照组与低强度组间的峰值通气量(VE)差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05),但均与高强度组有差异(P＜0.05)；无氧阈值(AT)仅高强度组比对照组明显增高(P＜0.05).结论:与低强度持续有氧训练相比,高强度间歇有氧训练可以明显提高轻中度稳定期COPD患者肺的通气功能及运动耐力.