三种力量训练方案对健康青年心脏自主神经功能的影响

摘要

目的:本研究评估了不同力量训练方案对心脏自主神经功能产生的影响.方法:研究采用随机交互式的设计,20名健康男性受试者完成3次不同方案的力量训练,分别记录R-R间期:包括安静状态5min(卧位),整个力量训练期间,训练后恢复期5min(卧位),进行相应心率变异(HRV)分析,并分别进行血乳酸检测.结果:三种力量训练方案运动期及恢复期心脏的自主神经功能发生不同的调整.肌肉耐力训练方案(ME)和肌肉肥大训练方案(MH)心脏自主应答基本趋于一致,但肌肉最大力量训练方案(MM)在整个运动期间心率(HR)指标低于ME和MH (P＜ 0.05),运动中全部NN间期的标准差(SDNN)和心率变异性系数(SDNN/HR)指标略高于方案ME和MH,5min恢复期高低频比值(LF/HF)指标趋于安静状态.此外,运动后即刻MM血乳酸的浓度显著低于方案ME和MH(P＜ 0.05).结论:方案MM在整个运动中交感活性程度相对增加,恢复期交感活性回落较快,表明不同力量训练方案对心脏自主神经功能产生影响存在差异,并可能对心脏的健康产生不同的影响.%Objective:This text was to evaluate the changes of cardiac autonomic responses following three specific resistance training programmes.Method:In a randomized cross-over design,20 healthy young males performed three specific resistance trainings.The R-R interval was recorded,respectively,including rest with supine position (5 min),30 min static standing and recovery with supine position (5 min),and their heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed.The blood lactic acid was assessed immediately after exercise.Result:Three specific resistance training programmes induced the different nervous system adjustments of heart during exercise and recovery.The changes of the ME and MM were similar.However,during exercise and recovery 5 min after exercise,the HR of MM significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05) compared to ME and MH.During exercise,SDNN and SDNN/RR mild increased,and during recovery,the LF/HF tended to rest value.In addition,immediately after exercise,the blood lactic acid for significantly decreased compared to ME and MH (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:During exercise,the sympathetic activities were relatively higher.During recovery 5 min,the sympathetic recovery was faster,suggesting that three specific resistance training programmes produce different effects on cardiac autonomic responses and probably produce different effects on heart healthy.