新疆3个地区银盾革蜱种群的遗传多样性分析

摘要

To understand the genetic diversity and population differentiation of Dermacentor niveus,562 ticks were collected from Yili,Altay and Bazhou,and the COI gene of ticks were amplified by PCR and subsequently sequenced.The result showed that the 84 mutation sites were detected from the 50 COI gene sequences with 597 bp length.A total of 12 haplotypes were determined from all measured specimens.The indexs of population haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were 0.757 and 0.05554,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis based on COI gene sequences showed that D.niveus of 3 regions in xinjiang could be divided into two different pedigrees,which reflected a certain amount of gene exchanges in 3 regions.Tajima's D and Fu's Fs neutrality test showed that most of populations in this study did not experienced a recent expansion,and two populations had genetic differentiation in Bazhou.This study revealed that the overall genetic diversity of these population of D.niveus was high.Within the populations,there was genetic differentiation to some extent.This study could provide genetic information for research on the phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of D.niveus among different geographic ppopulation.%为了解银盾革蜱遗传多样性和种群分化情况,本研究在新疆伊犁、阿勒泰和巴州地区采集硬蜱562份,对其进行形态学鉴定后,PCR扩增其中的50份银盾革蜱的COI基因序列后对其进行遗传多样性分析.结果显示,在50条597 bp的COI基因序列中,共检出84个变异位点.所有样品共检测到12种单倍型,群体单倍型和核酸多样性指数分别是0.757和0.05554.COI基因系统发育树分析结果显示,新疆3个地区银盾革蜱各地理种群间可划分为2个不同的谱系,且不同地理群体间存在着基因交流.中性检验显示,研究区域内的群体在近期未经历种群扩张;巴州地区内两个种群出现遗传分化现象.表明,3个地区银盾革蜱整体遗传多样性水平高,且种群内部出现了遗传分化现象.本研究结果为银盾革蜱不同地理种群间的系统发育及进化关系的研究提供遗传学信息.