目的 利用胫骨定量超声(QUS)对正常人群进行普查，并对骨质疏松症及相关因 素进行分析，为早期诊断和预测骨折危险性提供参考。方法 用骨定量超 声仪检测1 368例健康者右胫骨超声速度(SOS)，并分析停经时间、骨折史等因素对SOS值的 影 响。结果 男性SOS峰值在40～44年龄组，女性在35～39年龄组。男性60岁 以上各年龄组SOS下降，70岁以上下降更明显(P＜0.01)。女性50岁以上SOS即下降(P ＜0.05)。40岁以前女性SOS值高于男性，50岁以后女性明显低于男性(P＜0.01)。 随着停经时间延长，女性SOS下降，停经5年以内下降迅速(P＜0.01)，5年以后下降缓 慢。围绝经期妇女中，停经组明显低于同年龄未绝经组(P＜0.01)。低于青年组均值2 .0 SD发生率13.37%，50岁以上为18.19%。结论 老年人胫骨SOS明显下降，老年女性下降更为明显。停经因素是导致 骨质疏松的重要因素之一。减少2.0 SD为骨质疏松症的诊断标准较适合本地区情况。QUS对 早期诊断骨质疏松和预测骨折危险性具有快捷无创伤等优点。%Objective To make early diagnosis of osteoporosis and predict fracture risk according to the bone mass measurements by quantitative u ltrasound in normal people. Methods Quantitative ultrasound in tibia was measured in 1368 hea lthy persons in Ma'anshan City,China. Results The age groups at pe a k speed of sound(SOS)were 40-44 years in males and 35-39 years in females.In m ales,the SOS declined significontly in the group over 70 of age (P＞0.01) w hil e it began to fall at the age of over 50 in females (P＞0.05),especially o ver 55 (P＞0.01).The SOS in females under 40 years was higher than in males of that age, but SOS in women over 50 years was lower than in men of that age. T he SOS reduced with increasing years since menopause.The reduction was rapid wit hin 5 years after menopause (P＞0.01) and slowed down in farther years afte r menopause. In the period of perimenopause,the SOS was lower in menopausal w omen than i n non-menopausals of the same age (P＞0.01).When the SOS was 2.0 SD lowe r than that of the same age group,prevalence rate of osteoporosis was 13.37%, a nd it was 18.19% when over age 50. Conclusion The tibia SOS in the old people slows down significantl y. Menopause is one of the important factors causing osteoporosis. A reduction o f SOS by 2SD is a criterion suitable for diagnosing osteoporosis in this region.
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