长江上游女性骨质疏松患病率及相关危险因素调查

摘要

Objective To assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and risk factors of healthy adult women in Luzhou City, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the conjunction of Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Congqing, and to provide evidence for the effective prevention and intervention.Methods The cross-sectional descriptive study encompassed women aged 30 -90 across Luzhou City.The study population sample was collected through random sampling, and a total of 375 women were included.The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae and the left femur was detected using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients were investigated through standard questionnaire survey.Fasting blood were taken in the early morning for blood routine test, the liver and the kidney function test, and the inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) test.Results The prevalence of osteoporosis in women over 30 years old was 54.7%, and after standardization according to the sixth national census in 2010, the prevalence was 38.7%.The average age of women in osteoporosis group was higher than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). And along with the increase of age, the prevalence of osteoporosis increased.The prevalence of osteoporosis was correlated with weight , outdoor activities, reproductive history, blood alkaline phosphatase, urea, and fracture history, but had no correlation with the degree of education, smoking status, alcohol intake, total bilirubin, serum uric acid, NLR, and CRP.Logistic regression analysis showed that aging, low body weight, and the fracture history were risk factors for osteoporosis, while overweight, obesity, and long exercise time were protective factors for osteoporosis.Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis in women in Luzhou area is high. Aging and low body mass index are the main risk factors for osteoporosis.Endogenous antioxidants, total bilirubin, serum uric acid,and inflammatory markers such as NLR and CRP are irrelevant with female osteoporosis.%目的：通过对长江上游、川滇黔渝结合部的泸州市成年女性骨密度的流行病学调查，了解该地区骨质疏松的患病率，并分析其相关危险因素，为有效预防和干预提供依据。方法采取随机整群抽样方法，选取该地区年龄30－90岁的健康成年女性375名。采用双能X线吸收测量仪（ DEXA）测量腰椎及左侧股骨骨密度，由调查人员采取统一的调查问卷表对所有调查对象进行问卷调查，同时抽取清晨空腹血检测血常规、肝肾功、炎症因子C反应蛋白（ CRP）等指标。结果1、泸州地区30岁以上女性骨质疏松患病率为54．7％，标化后患病率为38．7％。2、平均年龄骨质疏松组较骨量减少和骨量正常组大（ P＜0．05），且随着年龄的增长，骨质疏松的患病率呈增高趋势。3、骨质疏松发病与体重、户外活动、生育史，血碱性磷酸酶、尿素、骨折史相关，而与文化程度、烟酒嗜好、总胆红素、血尿酸、炎症因子NLR、CRP等无关。4、增龄、消瘦、有骨折史是骨质疏松的危险因素，超重和肥胖、运动时间长是骨质疏松的保护因素。结论泸州地区女性骨质疏松患病率较高，增龄和低体重指数是骨质疏松的主要危险因素。内源性抗氧化物质总胆红素、血尿酸以及炎症标志物NLR、CRP与女性骨质疏松症发病无关。