栀子(Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.)是茜草科(Rubiaceae)栀子属植物,其干燥成熟果实作为中药栀子,具有泻火除烦、清热利尿、凉血解毒的功效.现代植物化学研究发现,该植物中含有大量的环烯醚萜类化合物,同时还存在一些有机酸、黄酮、香豆素、挥发油、皂苷、木脂素、多糖及其他类化合物;现代药理研究表明栀子具有抗炎、抗氧化、利胆、利尿、抗肿瘤、解热、镇痛、辐射防护、降血脂等多种药理活性,成为研究的热点.因此本文对最近5年有关栀子的化学成分和药理研究的新进展进行分类汇总,为其进一步研究提供参考.%Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, one genus of Gardenia, belongs to the family of the Rubiaceae.The fruit of G.jasminoides is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine named “Zhizi”.It has significant biologic activities including antipyretic, antianxiety, diuretic effcts, Cooling the Blood and Detoxication.Recently, a large quantity of newly-emerging bioactive constituents from G.jasminoides has been reported.The unique constituents iridoid glucosides, and other types of active principles include organic acid, flavonoids, coumarins, lignans, terpenoids, volatile oils and fatty acids.They entitle the plant to possess several bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cholagogue, diuretic, anticancer, radiological protection, antiphlogistic, antipyretic, analgesic,and antihyperlipidemic effects.In this paper, we reviewed categorization of chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of G.jasminoides from reports since 2004.This review will provide a reference for further studies.
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