等电聚焦电泳联合免疫印迹法检测寡克隆区带诊断神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病

摘要

目的 探讨等电聚焦电泳(IEF)联合免疫印迹法检测寡克隆区带(OB)在神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病(IDD)中的应用.方法 IEF联合免疫印迹法检测112例IDD及24例神经系统非炎性疾病(NIND)患者血清和脑脊液中OB,并进行对比分析.结果 与视神经脊髓炎(5/21,23.8%,x2=32.679)、急性播散性脑脊髓炎(1/4,Fisher精确检验)、系统性自身免疫病继发中枢神经系统IDD(3/19,15.8%,x2=37.425)、周围神经系统IDD(0,x2=51.944)和NIND(0,x2=51.944)患者比较,多发性硬化(MS)患者脑脊液OB阳性率(44/46,91.7%)显著升高(P＜0.01).IEF联合免疫印迹法检测OB诊断MS的敏感度为91.7%,特异度为89.8%,高于其他检测方法.2例急性播散性脑脊髓炎患者和1例MS患者血清和脑脊液OB有相同条带,呈"镜像分布".结论 IEF联合免疫印迹法检测OB在MS诊断中具有一定的临床价值.%Objective To explore the diagnostic value of oligoclonal band (OB) detected by isoelectric focusing (IEF) with immunoblotting in inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDD) in nervous system.Methods Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) OB was detected by IEF with immunoblotting in 112 patients with IDD ( multiple sclerosis ( MS):n = 48;neuromyelitis optica ( NMO):n = 21:acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ( ADEM):n = 4;secondary IDD from systemic autoimmune diseases:n = 19;peripheral nervous system IDD:n =20) and 24 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disease (NIND).Results CSF-restricted OB was detected in 91.7% (44/48) of MS patients,23.8% (5/21) of NMO patients(x2nmO vs MS= 32.679),1/4 of ADEM patients (Fisher' s excact test),15.8% (3/19) of secondary IDD patients (x2secondary IDD vs MS = 37.425 ),0 of peripheral nervous system IDD patients (x2peripheral nervous system IDD vs MS =37.425) and 0 of NIND patients (x2NIND vs MS =37.425).MS patients had significantly higher percentage of patients with CSF-restricted OB ( all P ＜0.01),compared with NIND and other IDD patients.The sensitivity and specificity of OB detected by IEF with immunoblotting for MS were 91.7% and 89.8%,which were higher than that of OB detected by other methods.Identical serum and CSF OB ( "mirror pattern" ) was detected in 2 of 4 ADEM patients and 1 of 48 MS patients.Conclusion IEF with immunoblotting to detect OB is a reliable method of diagnosis for MS.