成都市社区老年人跌倒发生情况及相关因素分析

摘要

目的：调查成都市社区老年人跌倒发生情况并分析其相关因素，为社区老年人预防跌倒提供依据。方法问卷调查社区老年人跌倒发生情况，并对可能的影响因素进行单因素分析和Logistic逐步回归分析。结果社区老年人最近1个月跌倒发生率为6.7％，单因素分析结果表明发生跌倒和未发生跌倒的老年人在年龄、家庭人均月收入、是否合并糖尿病、是否合并慢性疼痛、健康状况、居住环境、营养状况、便秘、尿失禁、抑郁等方面，差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)；Logistic逐步回归分析显示合并糖尿病、慢性疼痛、健康状况、便秘、尿失禁、抑郁是社区老年人发生跌倒的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论针对社区老年人发生跌倒的影响因素及时采取护理措施，加强跌倒风险评估，进行预防跌倒相关宣教，减少社区老年人跌倒风险。%Objective To investigate the occurrence and correlation analysis of elderly people′ falling down in communities of Chengdu, and provide references for the prevention of elderly people′s falling down. Methods Questionnaire was used to investigate the situation of elderly people′s falling down; univariate analysis and logistic step regress analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The occurrence rate of elderly people′s falling down in the past 1 month was 6.7%. The results of univariate analysis showed that the differences of age, family per capita income, whether had the combined diabetes, health condition, dwelling environment, nutritional status, constipation, urinary incontinence and depression were statistically significant between elderly people with falling down and without falling down(P<0.05). Logistic step regress analysis showed that combined diabetes, chronic pain, health condition, constipation, urinary incontinence and depression were the influencing factors of elderly people′s falling down ( P<0. 05 ) . Conclusions Nursing methods should be performed timely targeted at the influencing factors of elderly people′s falling down. We should strengthen the assessment of fall risk and the education prevention, to provide the fall risk of elderly people in communities.