Pro167位点突变型CTX-M-14超广谱β-内酰胺酶的动力学特征

摘要

目的 对Pr0167位点突变型CTX-M-14超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的动力学特征进行分析与评价.方法 以携带CTX-M-14基因的大肠埃希菌临床株为模板,克隆目的 基因,重组工程菌,并表达CTX-M-14型ESBL.进而采用基于重叠延伸PCR法的定点突变技术,将CTX-M-14型ESBL的167位点Pro(P)分别突变为Gly(G)、Gln(Q)、Ser(S)和Thr(T),重组构建P167G、P167Q、P167S和P167T四株突变型的CTX-M-14工程菌.表达与纯化野生型、重组型和突变型CTX-M-14型ESBL,检测其水解β-内酰胺类抗菌素的酶动力学参数(Kcat、Km和Km).结果 对野生型与重组型CTX-M-14型ESBL的酶动力学参数进行配对t检验,结果显示两者Kcat(t=1.796,P=0.123)、Km(t=0.559,P=0.596)、Kcat/Km(t=0.893,P=0.406)间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.1).与重组CTX-M-14型ESBL相比,P167S突变型酶对头孢他啶的Km值大幅降低,为突变前的1/16(8.39/134.85);Kcat和Km值分别为突变前的2.87倍(1.81/0.63)和43.6倍(0.218/0.005);且对青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、头孢曲松和头孢噻肟的Kcat/Km值都呈现出显著减小的趋势(P<0.05).与重组CTX-M-14 ESBL相比,P167Q和P167G突变型酶对头孢他啶的Kcat值亦大幅减小(P<0.01),而P167T突变型对头孢他啶的酶动力学参数无明显变化.结论 重组型与野生型CTX-M-14 ESBL之间各项酶动力学参数的差异无统计学意义(P>0.1).而P167S位点的突变,不仅增强了CTX-M-14型ESBL对头孢他啶的亲和力,也加快了酶-底物复合物的转换速率.通过对Pr0167位点4种突变型酶的动力学参数比较,初步说明突变型CTX-M ESBL对头孢他啶所具备的高水解活性机制,不能简单地归结于Pro167位点被小侧链氨基酸残基取代而导致酶活性中心空间扩大的解释.%Objective To analyze and evaluate the characteristics of enzyme kinetics of CTX-M-14 type extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBL) with Pro167 residue substitution. Methods By molecular cloning and PCR techniques, CTX-M-14 gene was directionally cloned into plasmid pET28a( + ) from a clinical E. coli isolate and formed an expression vector to transform competent E. coli BL21 (DE3 ). Prol67 residue substitutions of P167G, P167Q, P167S and P167T were introduced to CTX-M-14 by site-directed muta-genesis based on overlap extension PCR with the former recombinant plasmid as PCR template, respectively.The wild-type CTX-M-14, recombinant CTX-M-14 protein and its variants were expressed and purified, then their steady-state kinetic parameters (Kcat, Km and Kcat/Km ) against β-lactam antibiotics were determined.Results The kinetic parameters of wild-type and recombinant CTX-M-14 had no statistically significant differences (P>0.1). The 1/Km, Kcat and Kcat/Km values of P167S variant against ceftazidime were 16-fold, 2.87-fold and 43.6-fold higher than those of recombinant CTX-M-14, respectively, and the Kcat/Km value of P167S variant against penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime decreased( < 0.05). Compared with the kinetic parameters of recombinant CTX-M-14, the kinetic parameters of P167T variant against ceftazidime had no significant change, but the Kcat values of P167Q and P167G variants decreased dramatically(P<0.01). Conclusion There was no difference between the enzyme activities of wild-type and recombinant CTX-M-14. P167S variant could not only promote the enzyme affinity of CTX-M-14 to ceftazidime but also improve the conversion rate of enzyme-substrate complex in the ceftazidime hydrolysis. The comparison of the kinetic parameters of CTX-M-14 and its variants with Pro167 residue substitution showed that the increased activity of CTX-M ESBL variants against ceftazidime could not be simply explained with the enlarged cavity in active site that may be caused by the replacement of Pro167 residue by smaller amino acids.