275例住院儿童高血压的病因及临床分析

摘要

Objective This study pursues to analyze the independent risk factors in primary and secondary hyperten-sion, and to provide the references for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of hypertension in children. MethOd The clinical data of 275 inpatient children in the Pediatrics Department of Peking University First Hospital were ret-rospectively reviewed. The Logistic regression analysis was used to find out the risk factors for primary and seconda-ry hypertension. Result In these 275 patients, the most common symptoms are headache and dizziness(34%), and 45. 7% patients have no symptoms. After our calculation by Logistic multivariable regression analysis, the inde-pendent risk factors of primary hypertension are Hypertension family history and BMI overload, but the independent risk factor of secondary hypertension is proteinuria. COnclusiOn The most common symptoms of hypertension are dizziness and headache in children, but many children with hypertension have no symptoms. Hypertension family history and BMI overload indicates primary hypertension, proteinuria indicates secondary hypertension in children with hypertension.%目的：分析原发性及继发性高血压的危险因素,为儿童高血压的诊断和鉴别诊断提供参考依据。方法回顾性总结275例住院高血压患儿的临床资料, Logistic回归分析原发性和继发性高血压的危险因素。结果高血压患儿最常见的症状为头痛、头晕,占34%；约45.7%的病例无临床症状。经逐步向前引入剔除,Logistic回归多因素分析显示,高血压家族史、体重指数( BMI)升高为原发性高血压的独立危险因素,蛋白尿为继发性高血压的独立危险因素。结论儿童高血压以头晕、头痛为最常见症状,但相当比例的患儿隐匿起病,无临床症状。儿童高血压伴随高血压家族史、BMI升高提示原发性高血压,伴随蛋白尿提示继发性高血压。