基于NHMAN辐射仿真人体模型的蒙特卡罗方法剂量计算研究

摘要

Objective: Human phantom has been used to dosimetry study in radiotherapy, which includes development and validation of new technology and so on; using computerized model of the human body instead of physical model has also been a hot topic. Methods: We constructed radiation human phantom -"NHMAN-ADAM" and "NHMAN-EVA" based on Chinese physiological feature. The effective dose was calculated in six geometry and two energy using monte carlo method-MCNP. Results: Effective dose and organ doses in male and female have been calculated in three geometry and a couple of photon energy individually. The result of effective dose agreed well with ICRP, difference about be 4%. Conclusions: The result of effective dose agreed well with ICRP, difference about 4%. That demonstrates that NHMAN can be well used to calculate the radiation dose.%目的:人体模型主要用于放疗过程中的剂量学研究,包括新技术的开发与验证、治疗方案的验证与测量等；使用计算机化的人体模型替代实体模型是当前的研究热点.方法:构建符合中国人解剖生理数据的辐射仿真人体模型——“NHMAN-ADAM”(男性)和“NHMAN-EVA”(女性)；使用蒙特卡罗方法程序MCNP模拟0.3 MeV和1.0 MeV单能平行宽束外照射条件下,六种不同照射方向照射时,放射性粒子在人体组织或器官中的输运过程,并计算得到男女人体模型中的有效剂量.结果:分别得到光子能量为0.3 MeV和1.0 MeV时,AP照射,PA照射,LAT照射方式下的男性与女性全身有效剂量,以及光子外照射时人体皮肤等器官剂量分布,有效剂量计算值与ICRP 51推荐值基本吻合,误差约为4％.结论:NHMAN辐射仿真人体模型能很好地应用于辐射剂量的计算；并且由计算数据可知,女性的辐射危险性普遍高于男性,在医学成像与放射治疗时应更加注重防护措施.