某高校临床医院实施研究生心理顾问计划的效果评估

摘要

Objective To analyze the psychological condition of postgraduates in clinical hos-pitals of colleges and universities before and after the implementation of psychological mentor scheme so as to evaluate the effect. Methods Quantitative questionnaire (SCL-90 scale) and qualitative fo-cus interview were used to compare psychological condition of postgraduates. Totally 182 copies of questionnaires were sent to two hospitals (A and B) respectively. Then, psychological mentor scheme was carried out in A hospital. Afterwards, 206 and 140 copies of questionnaires were sent again to the hospitals respectively to compare the results. Eight student psychological consultants, 12 postgraduates and 5 postgraduate management staff were enrolled in qualitative focus interview. Excell2003 software was adopted to establish the database and SPSS 11.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Descrip-tive analysis, frequency analysis, t test, chi-square test and variance analysis were adopted for data analysis. P<0.05 signifies for statistically significant difference. Results Mental health status of both groups was better than the national level before the implementation (total SCL score: A hospital=118 . 08 ±36.20; B hospital =100.33 ±22.90). However, SCL-90 score of A hospital was decreased (total SCL score: 102.58 ±25.23) and that of B hospital (total SCL score:134.01 ±38.92) was in-creased (part of items higher than the adult national norm) at one year after conducting psychological mentor scheme. Conclusions Psychological mentor scheme can effectively relieve stress and interper-sonal stress so as to reduce the general psychological problems and can help to improve mental health of the students.%目的对比分析某高校临床医院实施研究生心理顾问计划前后研究生的心理情况，评估该计划的实施效果。方法采用定量研究中的问卷调查（SCL-90量表）和定性研究中的小组焦点访谈相结合的方法，定量研究在A、B两家临床医院研究生群体中发放问卷各182份进行对比，同时在A院实施心理顾问计划后向A、B两家临床医院研究生群体中再次发放问卷206和140份进行对照分析。定性研究对A院8名学生心理顾问、12名硕士或博士研究生以及5名研究生管理人员进行焦点访谈。采用Excel 2003建立数据库，SPSS 11.0进行统计学分析；采用描述性分析、频数分析、t检验、χ2检验和方差分析进行数据分析，P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果两院研究生样本在实施计划前的心理健康状况优于全国成人水平[SCL总分，A院（118.08±36.20）；B院（100.33±22.90）]，A院实施研究生心理顾问计划一年后SCL-90分值显著降低（SCL总分，102.58±25.23），B院同期SCL-90分值有所升高（SCL总分，134.01±38.92），部分因子分值高于全国成人水平。结论在临床医院实施研究生心理顾问计划能有效的缓解压力和人际关系紧张，降低一般心理问题的发生，对提升研究生心理健康水平有一定的积极影响和帮助。