急性肾损伤(AKI)是以肾功能短期内急剧下降为特征的临床综合征.近年来,AKI的发病率逐渐增高.患者一旦发生AKI,短期内可显著延长住院时间、增加住院费用和住院病死率,远期后果包括AKI复发进而发展为慢性肾脏病(CKD)、终末期肾病(ESRD)、心血管事件及死亡等.缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤和造影剂是引起AKI的常见原因.I/R损伤和造影剂诱导的肾病与钠钙交换体(NCX)引发的细胞内钙超载有关.现就NCX与AKI的关系进行综述,希望为AKI的防治及改善预后提供帮助.%Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a rapid decline of renal function in a short period of time. In recent years, the incidence of AKI has been increasing gradually. Once the AKI occurs in a patient whose mortality in hospital may be increased significantly, the length of stay in hospital will be prolonged and the hospitalization costs increased in a short term, the long-term consequences include AKI recurrence, development into chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESRD), cardiovascular events and death, etc. Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and contrast agents are common causes of AKI. The nephropathy induced by I/R and contrast agent is associated with intracellular calcium overload caused by Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX). In this article, a systematic review of the relationship between NCX and AKI was conducted, aiming to provide a reference for further recognizing the prevention, treatment and prognosis of AKI.
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