Copper oxide nanoflower and iron oxide nanoring were prepared by membrane templating and hydrothermal,respectively.Copper oxide nanoflower and aluminum composite were self-assembled,so did iron oxide nanoring and aluminum.The connection between different materials were enhanced by self-assembly.The heat release and pressure of copper oxide nanoflower and aluminum were increased from 523 J ·g-1,1 858 kPa to 1 069 J·g-1,4 389 kPa.Iron oxide nanoring and aluminum were increased from 1 448 J·g-1,749 kPa to 2 039 J·g-1,2 280 kPa.There are great difference between the two thermit,and the static-electric sensitivity of copper oxide nanoflower and aluminum is higher than that of most energetic materials,while the impact sensitivity of iron oxide nanoring and aluminum is lower.Thus different thermit can be used in different fields based on their performance.%本文分别采用模板法制备氧化铜纳米花,水热法制备氧化铁纳米环,并自组装制备了铝/氧化铜和铝/氧化铁2种铝热剂.自组装增大了异相材料之间的接触,分别使得铝/氧化铜的反应放热量和压力由523 J·g-1、1 858 kPa增加至1 069 J·g-1、4 389kPa;铝/氧化铁的反应放热量和压力由1 448 J·g-1、749 kPa增加至2 039 J·g-1、2 280 kPa.两种铝热剂的放热量和压力差别较大,且铝/氧化铜的静电感度高于大多数含能材料,铝/氧化铁的撞击感度特别低,显示出不同的应用特点.
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