基本药物制度对社区卫生服务中心合理用药的影响分析

摘要

Objective To evaluate the impacts of the essential medicine system in Jiangsu Province on rational drug use in community health service centers.Methods 7667 outpatient prescriptions from 6 community health service centers in Nantong were selected by cluster sampling from January 2009 to December 2011,the part of SDUIs(Selected Drug Use Indicators)developed by WHO and the self-design indicators were employed to analyze rational use of drugs.Results After implementation of the essential medicine system,the average types of drugs per prescription decreased from 3.02 to 2.74,the rate of antibiotic drugs usage dropped from 61.43％ to 51.2％,the rate of one antibiotic usage reduced from 33.94％to 28.58％,and two types from 20.43％to 15.8％,all with significant differences(P＜0.001).The average expenses in single prescription arose from RMB 69.70 to 87.28,the rate of essential medicine usage increased from 81.22％to 85.60％,the injection utilization decreased from 31.14％ to 14.13％,while TCM utilization ascended from 16.17％to 21.8％,all with significant differences(P＜0.001).Condusion The essential medicine systems has positive impacts on rational drug use,but the expenses of per prescription are higher,and irrational antibiotic drugs are still a serious problem.%目的 评价基本药物制度对江苏省社区卫生服务中心合理用药的影响.方法 整群抽取南通市6个社区卫生服务中心2009年1月至2011年12月7667张门诊处方,采用世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的合理用药调研的部分指标及自设指标分析用药的合理性.结果 基本药物制度实施后,每张处方平均用药品种数由3.02种减少到2.74种,抗生素使用率由61.43％降低到51.20％,一种抗生素使用率由33.94％下降到28.58％、两联抗生素使用率由20.43％下降到15.80％,注射剂使用率由31.74％降低到14.13％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.001)；每张处方平均费用由69.70元上升到87.28元,基本药物使用率由81.22％提高到85.60％,注射剂使用率由31.14％下降到14.13％,中药使用率由16.17％上升到20.80％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.001).结论 基本药物制度促进了合理用药,但处方费用较高,抗生素不合理使用仍然存在.