Objective The study is intended to approach effects of dentofacial morphology on sleep respiratory through observing and measuring the developing children.Methods The volunteers came from the population seeking pretreatment orthodontic evaluation at the stomatology school of Peking University,who were divided into four groups by their age:8 years old,9 years old, 10 years old and 11 years old.The volunteers were all examined and asked to complete a questionnaire for the sleep behavior.All the volunteers were no serious craniofacial deformity,no obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,and no pathological factors for upper airway development.All children were monitored during nocturnal sleep by PSG and were taken lateral head radiographs.Cephalometric measurements for craniofacial pattern and upper airway were obtained and then compared between the four groups.Analyses of variance were used to test the equality of means between four groups.Results The most significant difference between groups included PNS-R and UPW, the subunit comparison of these two items indicated that the significant difference existed in 8 years old group to the others.It showed PNS-R and UPW growing with age,which was associated with the maxilomandibular development.Conclusions The development of supper upper airway was due to complete before 9 years old.It suggested that the early treatment for stimulating skeleton development is benefit for skeleton retrusion in children.%目的 对生长发育期的少年儿童进行观察测量,探讨"颅面结构-上气道-睡眠呼吸功能"是如何一步步作用影响的.方法 正畸咨询患者通过问卷和临床检查筛选志愿者,建立8岁、9岁、10岁、11岁4个组.志愿者要求无严重骨骼畸形,无睡眠呼吸障碍,无影响上气道发育的病理性因素.常规拍摄头颅定位侧位X线片,进行整夜多导睡眠监测.对4个组的颅面结构和上气道进行头影测量,结果进行方差分析.结果 4组入选者后鼻嵴一咽顶点距(PNS-R),后鼻嵴一上咽壁距(UPW)比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两两亚组比较表明主要为8岁组与其他3组分别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),随年龄增长,PNS-R及UPW均有一定的生长,而9岁、10岁、11岁3组间差异无统计学意义.反映了上颌骨的快速生长对高位上气道的扩张作用.结论 高位上气道的发育在9岁前基本完成.对于颌骨后缩倾向的儿童,宜早期进行促进骨骼发育的正畸.
展开▼
