Grassland, accounting for 19% of China's grassland area, is the main vegetation types in Inner Mongolia, and an important ecological barrier in China. However, in recent years, drought intensifi-cation and grass yield reduction lead to the conflict between grass and livestock, a large area of grassland has been degraded, deserted or alkalized, which become the main desertification region in China. Drought and water scarity are the root causes of these problems, the protection and sustainable use of water re-sources are facing severe challenges under the context of climate change. The water resources utilization, development status and its problems in Inner Mongolia grassland region were discussed,the protection and rational development strategies of water resources were proposed. It is meaningful to promote the protec-tion process and sustainable use of water resources in Inner Mongolia grassland.%草原是内蒙古的主要植被类型,占全国草原面积的19％,是我国重要的生态屏障.然而,近年来由于干旱加剧,草原产草量下降,导致草畜矛盾日益加剧,大面积草原退化、沙化或盐碱化,已成为我国荒漠化土地的主体区域.气候干旱和水资源匮乏是导致上述问题的根本原因,气候变化背景下水资源的保护与可持续利用面临严峻挑战.本文在探讨了内蒙古草原区水资源利用、开发现状与存在问题的基础上,提出了水资源保护与合理开发利用对策,对推进内蒙古草原水资源保护进程,实现水资源可持续利用具有重要意义.
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