育龄妇女生育间隔与活产单胎新生儿出生体重的关联分析

摘要

Objective To understand the effect of interpregnancy interval (IPI) of childbearing aged women on the birth weight of single live birth neonates in Shaanxi province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the childbearing aged women selected through multistage stratified random sampling in Shaanxi during 2010-2013,all the childbearing aged women had definite pregnancy outcomes.The interpregnancy interval of the childbearing aged women and the birth weight of the newborns were used as the independent variables and dependent variables respectively in multiple linear regression model and quantile regression model,and confounding factors were controlled.Results A total of 13 063 women at childbearing age and their infants were investigated.The incidence of low birth weight and macrosomia was 3.54％ and 7.62％ respectively.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no significant difference in birth weight among different IPI group and control group.Quantile regression analysis showed when birth weight was at 5 percentiles,the difference in birth weight between newborns whose mothers had short interpregnancy interval (＜12 months) and those in control group was significant,when the birth weight was ≥90 percentiles,the birth weights of newborns whose mothers had long interpregnancy interval (60-119 months) were higher than those in control group,the difference was significant.As the increase of the percentiles of birth weight,the extent of changes gradually increased.Conclusion The analysis indicated that both short (＜12 months) and long (60-119 months) interpregnancy interval would had negative effects on birth weights of newborns.Therefore,planning for pregnancy is important for having a good perinatal outcome.%目的 探讨陕西省育龄妇女生育间隔对活产单胎新生儿出生体重的影响.方法 采用分层多阶段随机抽样方法,以调查问卷方式收集2010-2013年陕西省怀孕结局明确的育龄妇女及其子女的相关信息.将生育间隔和新生儿出生体重分别以自变量和因变量纳入多重线性回归及分位数回归模型,并控制相关混杂因素.结果 共调查13 063名育龄妇女及其子女,低出生体重和巨大儿的发病率分别为3.54％和7.62％.多重线性回归结果显示,不同生育间隔分组与参照组相比,新生儿出生体重差异无统计学意义.分位数回归结果显示,当出生体重处于第5百分位点时,生育间隔短(＜12个月)与参照组相比出生体重差异有统计学意义;当出生体重处于第90百分位点及以上时,生育间隔长(60～ 119个月)者其新生儿出生体重高于参照组,差异有统计学意义,且随着出生体重的增加,提高的幅度随之增加.结论 母亲生育间隔过长或过短均可对新生儿出生体重造成不良影响,因此计划怀孕对获得良好的围生结局具有重要意义.