Objective To evaluate the frailty status and understand the relationship between the incidence of fall and frailty status in the elderly in Beijing.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in old people aged ≥ 60 years in Longtan community of Dongcheng district in Beijing from November 2015 to January 2016.The information about any fall during the past year and frailty status of the elderly were collected with a standardized structured questionnaire in face-to-face interviews.The frailty status of elderly people was assessed with frailty index (FI) method.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between fall and frailty status among the elderly.Results Among 1 557 old people surveyed,the incidence of fall was 17.8％ (277/1 557) during the past year.The incidence of fall in women (21.0％,192/277) was statistically higher than that in men (13.3％,85/277) (x2=15.288,P=0.000).The median (quartile) value of FI of the elderly surveyed was 0.09 (0.08);and women had a higher FI median value than men [0.10 (0.08) versus 0.08 (0.07)](Z=5.376,P=0.000).The median FI value (quartile range) of 277 old people with history of fall in previous year was 0.12 (0.11),which was higher than the median FI value of 0.08 (0.07) of 1 280 old people without fall history (Z=7.501,P=0.000).Logistic regression analysis showed that higher FI value was associated with more risks for fall;and FI value showed the greatest impact on the incidence and frequency of fall (OR =1.093,2.234) compared with other related factors of fall,such as age and gender.Conclusion Frailty status has a greater impact on both incidence and frequency of fall compared with other factors in elderly people in Beijing;more attention should be paid to weak and old adults in the prevention of fall.%目的 了解北京市社区老年人的衰弱状况,并分析跌倒发生及发生次数与衰弱状况的相关性.方法 2015年11月至2016年1月采用分层整群抽样的方法对北京市东城区(原崇文区)龙潭街道办事处所管辖社区≥60岁老年人,以面对面询问方式人户调查,应用衰弱指数(FI)评价老年人的衰弱状况,采用多因素logistic分析老年人跌倒与衰弱的相关性.结果 共调查1 557名老年人,跌倒发生率为17.8％(277/1 557),其中女性跌倒发生率(21.0％,192/277)高于男性(13.3％,85/277)(x2=15.288,P=0.000).老年人FI值中位数(四分位间距)为0.09(0.08),其中女性[0.10(0.08)]明显高于男性[0.08(0.07)],Z=5.376,P=0.000.277名跌倒者FI值中位数(四分位间距)为O.12(0.11),明显高于1 280名非跌倒老年人[0.08(0.07)],Z=7.501,P=0.000.多因素logistic回归分析显示,老年人FI值越大,跌倒发生及其次数增加的风险越大(分别OR=1.093、2.234);相比于年龄、性别等其他因素,FI值对跌倒发生及跌倒次数增加的风险影响最大.结论 北京市社区老年人跌倒的发生与衰弱状况密切相关,在预防跌倒时更应关注衰弱程度高的老年人.
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