热老化对RDX基含铝压装炸药装药发射安全性的影响

摘要

To investigate the effect of thermal aging on the overloading safety of explosive charge,the accelerating aging of RDX-based aluminized and pressed explosive charge was performed at high temperature of 71 ℃ for 39 days.The launching safety of charge before and after aging were checked by drop hammer loading device and the effect of explosive grain structure,deterrent and binder content and quality of RDX crystal on the launching safety of charge was analyzed.Results show that under the same drop hammer loading condition,the probability of occurring combustion and explosion of unaged sample is larger than aged sample,after aging,the structure of explosive grain of aged sample is completer,the binder of explosive grain is softened and migrated,micro pore is reduced and closed,the content of deterrent and binder of explosive grain surface increases from 5.90％ to 6.20％.Compared with the RDX crystal particles before aging,the half width of Raman charavteristic peak of the RDX crystal particles after aging decreases,especially full width at half maxima for charavteristic peak at 345 cm-1 decreases by 42.2％.Showing that in the aging process,the softening and migration of deterrent and binder in explosive grain,micro defect repair,surface passivation and improvement of quality of RDX crystal etc.factors are the main reasons of lanching safety of aged charge is better than that of unaged charge.%为了探讨热老化对炸药装药过载安全性的影响,在71℃下对某黑索今(RDX)基含铝压装炸药装药高温加速老化39天,采用落锤加载装置对老化前后装药的发射安全性进行了考核,并分析了炸药药柱结构、钝感剂和黏结剂含量、RDX晶体品质对装药发射安全性的影响.结果表明,在相同落锤加载条件下,未老化样品比老化后样品发生燃烧爆炸的可能性更大;老化后炸药药柱结构完整,药柱中黏结剂软化迁移,微小孔隙缩小弥合,药柱表面钝感剂和黏结剂含量由5.90％增加到6.20％;RDX晶体颗粒的拉曼特征峰半峰宽较老化前减小,特别是345 cm-1位置处特征峰半峰宽减少了42.4％.表明老化过程中炸药药柱中钝感剂和黏结剂的软化迁移、微缺陷修复、表面钝化、RDX晶体品质的改善等因素是老化装药发射安全性优于未老化装药的主要原因.