雄激素受体在前列腺癌细胞中作用及其靶向治疗的研究进展*

摘要

Androgen receptors (AR) have an important function in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Andro-gen deprivation therapy (ADT) is successful in suppressing prostate tumor growth;however, the therapy eventually fails, leading to re-current tumor growth in a hormone-refractory manner. Recent studies indicate that AR acts as a proliferation stimulator for prostatic stromal cells, whereas epithelial AR functions as a survival factor for luminal cells and a suppressor for tumor stem-like cells and epithe-lial basal cells proliferation. The varying functions of different AR cell types present a severe challenge for current ADT, but provide im-portant bases for treatment strategies. Significant progress has been achieved in targeted therapy for prostate cancer through AR. This ar-ticle reviews the research developments in the role of AR in the different types of prostate cancer cells and in targeted therapy.%　　雄激素受体（androgen receptor，AR）在前列腺癌的发生发展中扮演重要角色。雄激素剥夺疗法（androgen deprivation therapy，ADT）早期可成功抑制肿瘤的生长，但最终导致肿瘤复发并进入激素抵抗阶段。AR对前列腺癌基质细胞起促进肿瘤增殖和转移作用，是上皮腔样细胞的存活因子，而对肿瘤干细胞样细胞及上皮基底细胞的增殖起抑制作用，AR在不同类型细胞中的不同作用向当前ADT传统的疗法提出挑战，为发展新的治疗策略提供理论依据。目前以AR为靶点的靶向治疗药物研发也取得一些进展。本文就AR在前列腺癌不同类型细胞中的作用及靶向治疗方面的进展加以综述。