聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子预防化疗后中性粒细胞减少症的多中心上市后临床研究

摘要

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of using pegylated recombinant human granulocyte-colonystimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in preventing neutropenia in multiple chemotherapy cycles. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, open-label, singlearmstudy was designed. Patients with malignant tumors, such as lung, ovarian, and colorectal cancers, who received multiple cycles of chemotherapy with the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF for 2-4 consecutive cycles participated in the study. Results: After the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidence of grade IV neutropenia decreased from 4.76% (13/273) in the first cycle to 1.83% (5/273), 1.15% (2/174), and 2.08% (2/96) in subsequent cycles. Meanwhile, the incidence of grade III neutropenia decreased from 11.36% (31/ 273) in the first cycle to 6.23% (17/273), 2.87% (5/174), and 3.13% (3/96) in subsequent cycles. The incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) during the first cycle was 0.73% (2/273). The duration of FN was 2 days in one case and 5 days in another case. FN was not observed during the second, third, or fourth cycle. After the secondary prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidence of grade IV neutropenia decreased from 25% (7/28) to 3.57% (1/28), 0% (0/28), and 6.67% (1/15) in subsequent cycles. Meanwhile, the incidence of grade III neutropenia decreased from 71.43% (20/28) to 10.71% (3/28), 14.29% (4/28), and 0% (0/15) in subsequent cycles. The proportion of patients who received antibiotic therapy during the entire chemotherapy period was 10.48% (44/420). Conclusion: The application of PEG-rhG-CSF once per chemotherapy cycle can effectively reduce the occurrence of neutropenia in patients under multiple cycles of chemotherapy treatment with good safety.%目的:探究聚乙二醇化重组人粒细胞刺激因子(pegylated recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor,PEG-rhG-CSF)在多个化疗周期中预防中性粒细胞减少症的有效性和安全性.方法:本研究为多中心、前瞻性、开放性单臂临床试验,对需接受多周期化疗的肺癌、卵巢癌、结直肠癌等恶性实体瘤患者连续2~4个周期预防性给予PEG-rhG-CSF.结果:PEG-rhG-CSF初级预防给药后,4级中性粒细胞减少症的发生率从第1个化疗周期的4.76%(13/273)分别降至2~4个周期的1.83%(5/273)、1.15%(2/174)和2.08%(2/96),3级中性粒细胞减少症的发生率从第1个化疗周期的11.36%(31/273)分别降至2~4个周期的6.23%(17/273)、2.87%(5/174)和3.13%(3/96).第1次随访发热性中性粒细胞减少症(febrile neutropenia,FN)的发生率为0.73%(2/273);FN持续时间中1例为2 d,1例为5 d;第2~4次随访的FN发生率均为0;次级预防给药后,4级中性粒细胞减少症的发生率从筛选期的25%(7/28),分别降至后续1~3个周期的3.57%(1/28)、0(0/28)和6.67%(1/15),3级中性粒细胞减少症的发生率则从71.43%(20/28)分别降至10.71%(3/28)、14.29%(4/28)和0(0/15).研究中抗生素的使用率为10.48%(44/420).结论:每个化疗周期应用1次PEG-rhG-CSF可有效预防恶性实体瘤患者化疗后中性粒细胞减少症的发生,多个周期应用可以显示同样的疗效,且安全性良好.