采用高分辨率核磁共振评价颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性与卒中复发风险的关系

摘要

Objective To investigate the relationship between intracranial atherosclerotic plaque stability and stroke recurrence risk.Methods Forty-eight patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by intracranial atherosclerosis in Guangdong Province Hospital of TCM were analyzed retrospectively.After the Essen Stroke Risk Scale (ESRS) was used to assess the risk factors for the patients,they were divided into either an ESRS ≥3 group (n=21 in the high-risk recurrence group) or an ESRS <3 group (n=27 in the low-risk recurrence group).Both groups of patients underwent high-resolution MR imaging (HR-MRI) examinations of the intracranial guilty vessels (basilar artery or unilateral middle cerebral artery).According to the signal intensity of HR-MRI on the T1-weighted imaging,T2-weighted imaging,and T1 fat suppression sequences,the intracranial atherosclerotic stable plaques and unstable plaques were distinguished.The stabilization of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques was compared in patients of both groups.Results There were significant differences in the age and incidences of hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and unstable plaques in patients of both groups (P<0.05).Further multivariate logistic regression analysis of the four factors showed that the age,hypertension,diabetes,and intracranial atherosclerotic unstable plaques were the high-risk factors for recurrent ischemic stroke (ORs,87.114,159.423,8.942,and 11.551,respectively;95%CIs 4.218-1 799.078,3.235-7 855.957,1.054-75.857,and 1.011-132.043,respectively;all P<0.05).Conclusion In addition to the traditional risk factors such as age,hypertension,and diabetes,the intracranial atherosclerotic unstable plaque is an independent risk factor for high-risk recurrence of ischemic stroke.%目的 探讨颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性与卒中复发风险的关系.方法 回顾性分析广东省中医院48例由颅内动脉粥样硬化引起的急性缺血性卒中患者,采用 Essen卒中风险评分量表(ESRS)将患者进行危险因素评估后,分为 ESRS≥3分组(高危复发风险组21例)和 ESRS<3分组(低危复发风险组27例).两组患者均接受颅内责任血管(基底动脉或单侧大脑中动脉)的高分辨率核磁共振(HR-MRI)检查,依据HR-MRI在T1加权成像、T2加权成像及T1压脂序列等的信号强弱,区分颅内动脉粥样硬化稳定性斑块与不稳定性斑块.比较两组患者颅内动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定情况.结果 两组患者的年龄、高血压病、糖尿病及不稳定性斑块的发生率差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05).将这四个因素进一步进行多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、高血压病、糖尿病及颅内动脉粥样硬化不稳定性斑块是缺血性卒中复发的高危因素.其OR值分别为87.114、159.423、8.942、11.551,95%CI分别为4.218~1 799.078、3.235~7 855.957、1.054~75.857、1.011~132.043(均P<0.05).结论 除年龄、高血压病、糖尿病传统危险因素外,颅内动脉粥样硬化不稳定性斑块是缺血性卒中高危复发的独立危险因素.