运动和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂干预对自发性高血压大鼠血压和心血管组织的影响

摘要

目的:探讨运动和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(培哚普利)干预对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压、主动脉顺应性、心血管组织结构的影响.方法:38只7周龄SHR被分为对照组(C组,9只),运动组(Exe组,9只),培哚普利组(Per组,10只),培哚普利十运动组(Per+ Exe组,10只),观察8周,每周用tail-cuff方法测定大鼠血压1次.15周龄时,用单回归分析各血压水平和主动脉的脉搏波传播速度(PWV)的关系得到回归直线(一次线性函数),我们用这个一次线性函数的斜率(b)作为主动脉顺应性的指标(b值和主动脉顺应性呈负相关关系).用左心室重量/体重比(LVM/BW),主动脉重量/体重(AO/BW)比来评估心室、血管肥厚.结果:与C组比较,Exe组的收缩压(SBP)在12周龄(P＜0.01)和13周龄(P＜0.05)一度显著降低,14周龄时却无显著差异(P＞0.05).Per组和Per+ Exe组的SBP在8周时即较C组显著降低(P＜0.0001),两组比较无明显差异(P＞0.05).15周龄时,Per组和Per+ Exe组的LVM/BW[(2.19±0.36)、(2.16±0.32)比(2.95±0.58)]、AO/BW[(0.20±0.01)、(0.19±0.01)比(0.26±0.01)]较C组明显降低(P均＜0.05),但Per组和Per+ Exe组间,C组与Exe组间没有显著差异(P＞0.05).各组的主动脉顺应性的指标b值分别为[C组:(21.2±1.2),Exe组:(20.5±1.4),Per组:(14.8±1.6),Per+ Exe组:(15.0±1.3)],C组与Exe组间,Per组与Per+Exe组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:对于自发性高血压大鼠,8周运动有一定的降压趋势,但对于主动脉顺应性、心血管组织结构尚无显著影响.%Objective:To explore influence of exercise training and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (perindopril) on blood pressure,aortic compliance and cardiovascular tissue structure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Methods:A total of 38 SHR aged seven weeks were divided into control group (C group,n=9),exercise group (Exe group,n=9),perindopril group (Per group,n=10) and perindopril + exercise group (Per+Exe group,n=10).SHRs were observed for eight weeks,and tail-cuff method was used to measure systolic blood pressure (SBP) once a week.When rats were 15 weeks old,regression line (once linear function) was obtained by single regression analyzing the relation between blood pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV).The b of this once linear function was used as index of aortic compliance (there was negative relationship between b and aortic compliance).The left ventricular mass (LVM) /body weight (BW) was used to evaluate ventricular thickening,and aortic weight (AO) / BW was regard as index of vascular thickening.Results:Compared with C group,SBP of Exe group significantly decreased on 12 weeks old (P＜0.01) and 13 weeks old (P＜0.05),but decrease of SBP was no significant on 14 weeks old (P＞0.05).SBP of Per group and Per+ Exe group on eight weeks old immediately decreased to level of seven weeks old (P＜0.0001),but there was no significant difference between the two group (P ＞0.05).On 15 weeks old,the LVM/BW [(2.19±0.36) mg/g,(2.16±0.32) mg/g] and AO/BW [(0.20±0.01)mg/g,(0.19±0.01) mg/g] of Per group and Per+ Exe group significantly decreased compared with C group [(2.95±0.58) mg/g,(0.26±0.01) mg/g],P＜0.05 all,but there was no significant difference in these indexes between Per group and Per+ Exe group and between C group and Exe group (P＞0.05 both).The b (index of aortic compliance) were [(C group:(21.2±1.2),Exe group:(20.5±1.4),Per group:(14.8±1.6),Per+Exe group:(15.0± 1.3)] respectively,there was no significant difference between Per group and Per+ Exe group and between C group and Exe group (P＞0.05 both).Conclusion:The exercise training of eight weeks possesses certain lowering blood pressure tendency,but no significant influence yet for aortic compliance and cardiovascular tissue structure in spontaneously hypertensive rats.