目的：通过研究单次大剂量和多次小剂量链脲佐菌素（ streptozotocin，STZ）诱导昆明小鼠1型糖尿病的成模率和稳定性，探究理想的1型糖尿病小鼠建模方法。方法60只昆明小鼠随机分为4组（15只／组）：空白对照组、阴性对照组（注射磷酸盐缓冲液）、单次大剂量组（150 mg／kg，单次腹腔注射）、多次小剂量组（50 mg／kg，连续注射5 d）。末次注射后，每天测定小鼠摄食量和饮水量，每周测定小鼠空腹血糖及体质量1次，连续观察4周。结果2个模型组小鼠均表现出糖尿病的“三多一少”症状，模型组小鼠的平均空腹血糖均明显高于2个对照组（ P＜0．05）。单次大剂量组和多次小剂量组的小鼠第1周时成模率分别为60％和53．33％，4周后分别为60％和80％，4周后的死亡率分别为33．33％和20％。且多次小剂量组中高血糖小鼠的血糖值从第2周始一直稳定上升并维持在较高水平。结论多次小剂量注射STZ （50 mg／kg连续注射5d）是较理想的建立昆明小鼠1型糖尿病模型的方法。%Objective To explore an optimal method of producing STZ-induced type 1 diabetic KM mice model by investigating the molded rate of single high dose and multiple low dose of STZ injection.Methods Sixty KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=15), two control groups and two model groups.In the two control groups, one was blank control and the other was negative control.Mice in the blank control group treated with no injection, but mice in the negative control group were treated with injection of citric acid salt buffer.For the two model groups, one was single high-dose group, 150 mg/kg STZ was injected only once.The other was multiple low-dose group, 50 mg/kg STZ was injected for 5 consecutive days.After the last injection, daily food and water intake were tested, blood glucose level and body weight were examined once a week for 4 consecutive weeks. Results Mice in the two model groups showed typical features of diabetes.The blood glucose levels in the two model groups were significantly higher than in the two control groups ( P <0.05 ) .For the two model groups, the molded rate of 150 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg group were 60% and 53.33%respectively at 1st week, but at the 4th week, they were 60% and 80% respectively.The mortality of these two groups at the 4th week was 33.33% and 20% respectively.Moreover, the blood glucose level in multiple low-dose group increased stably from the 2nd week to the 4th week.Conclusion The multiple low-dose STZ injection (50 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days) is an optimal method for producing KM mice model of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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