利用软模板法合成中空纳米结构的研究进展

摘要

Hollow nanostructures possess the properties of high loading, low density and large specific surface area, therefore they find a lot of applications in many fields.The synthesis of hollow nanostructure by soft template method has the advantages of simplicity and structure controllability.At present, the most commonly used templates include microemulsion templates, micelle/vesicle templates and bubble templates.The hollow nanostructure is obtained by nanoparticle assembly on these soft templates via electrostatic adsorption, hydrogen bonding and interfacial reaction.The progresses on synthesis of hollow nanostructures by soft template are summarized and perspected.%中空纳米材料具有高负载、低密度、和比表面积大等特点,有着广泛应用. 软模板合成中空纳米结构具有简单易行和结构可控等优点. 目前,采用最多的软模板主要有微乳液、胶束/囊泡模板和气泡软模板,通过静电吸附、氢键和界面反应等方法使纳米粒子沉积在模板表面便可得到中空结构. 本文总结并展望了利用软模板法合成中空纳米结构的研究进展.