哈萨克绵羊MC1R和ASIP基因多态性及表达量与被毛颜色表型相关性的研究

摘要

To investigate the relationship between polymorphism and mRNA expression levels of the two genes (MC1R and ASIP) and coat color in Kazakh sheep, the polymorphism of MC1R and ASIP genes were detected in 168 Kazakh sheep (62 black, 56 white and 50 brown) by PCR-SSCP and sequencing technology, and the relationship between the mutation sites of the two genes and different coat colors were analyzed in sheep. Simultaneously, the real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of the two genes in three coat color of skin tissue,their association with coat color was analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between the MC1R gene polymorphism locus (P. M73K) and coat color (P<0. 01), whereas, ASIP gene polymorphic loci was not associated with the coat color (P>0. 05). Additionally, the expression level of MC1R in the black hair was significantly different with that in white hair (P< 0. 01) and brown hair (P<0. 05) , while the ASIP gene expression was not associated with different hair (P>0. 05). Results of the present study indicate that MC1R gene is the major gene affecting the Kazakh sheep coat color.%旨在探究黑色素皮质受体-1基因(MC1R)和刺鼠基因(ASIP)多态性及其mRNA的表达量与哈萨克绵羊被毛颜色之间的关系.本研究利用PCR-SSCP和DNA测序技术,对168只哈萨克绵羊(62只黑色被毛,56只白色被毛及50只棕色被毛)的MCIR和ASIP基因的多态性进行检测,并分析突变位点与不同毛色之间的相关性,同时利用实时定量PCR技术检测3种毛色皮肤组织中这2个基因的表达量,分析基因的表达量与不同毛色之间的相关性.结果显示,MC1R基因的多态位点(P.M73K)与被毛颜色极显著的相关(P＜0.01)；ASIP基因的多态位点与被毛颜色没有相关性(P＞0.05).实时定量PCR检测黑色被毛中MC1R基因的表达量与白色被毛中差异极显著(P＜0.01),与棕色被毛差异显著(P＜0.05),ASIP基因的表达量在不同颜色被毛中没有显著差异(P＞0.05).该研究初步表明,MC1R基因是影响哈萨克绵羊被毛颜色的主效基因.